Find part that related to the concepts below? From what we have learned in our class?
- Associative bias
- Sensory preconditioning
- Higher order Conditioning
- Extinction
- Counter conditioning
- Spontaneous recovery
- Stimulus discrimination
- Generalization
There was
a teenager named Ali who lived in a village and being a middle class citizen,
he led quite a stable life, at least financially. Having a mother who was a
housewife who took great care in bringing him up, Ali’s father who worked as a
teacher, remained contented in being the soul breadwinner of the family.
Ali’s
father loved his family very much. Although he was busy man, he managed to show
his affection towards his wife and son by treating them to a scrumptious and
luxurious dinner soon after he received his monthly salary. Ali will cherished
at the thought of his father receiving his salary because aside from being
treated to a wonderful dinner, he will surely received some gifts from his
father.
One fine
day when Ali paid his friend a visit, he accidentally stepped on one of his
friend’s cats which happened to be the wildest among all and that rendered him
to be bitten by it. Ali was petrified of seeing his foot being deeply wounded.
In effect, every single time he bumped into a cat, he’ll turn away with great
dislike.
Back in
his childhood years, swimming was Ali’s favorite activity in his leisure time.
He always goes to the beach with his family during the weekends. Swimming was
his forte, but unfortunately, he nearly get drowned by a huge crashing wave on
that tragic day. That incident was too traumatic for him and just having
thoughts about going to a beach shall make him shudder with fear of the
possibility in losing his precious life. It was just too risky, according to him.
At the age
of ten years, Ali’s was harshly spanked by his teacher whenever he failed to
provide an answer for questions posed by him. This made him frightened of his
teacher and to an extent, he sometimes wetted his pant. Eight years later when Ali
ran into him by chance, he scurried away from him with fear.
After
getting satisfying results from his SPM, Ali furthered his studies in one of
the famous university in his country. Despite enrolling with ease, he
encountered a bad experience with one of his lecturer. Ali’s conversation with
him never went well. What’s more, he was publicly yelled at and getting blamed
with all sorts of nonsense accusations. While he disliked this particular
lecturer, nevertheless he remained contented with the other lecturers.
Ali
fancied drinking coffee in the morning to avoid dozing off in class. As time
passed by, his daily coffee intake heightened that he drank them every few
hours. This habit had successfully prolonged, up till a time when the smell of
coffee rendered him to badly nauseate in addition to the headache he was
frequently experiencing. In a short while, he left coffee for good.
Ali was a
food lover and his most loved meals were spaghetti, pizza and spicy dishes. His
appetite shall rise simply at the sight of fork and spoon. Even though Ali ate
a lot, he was nonetheless healthy as he had incorporated exercises as part of
his daily routine.
Yet the
flipside of Ali’s healthy lifestyle was the fact that he was a heavy smoker. He
managed to smoke several packets of cigarettes daily. Apparently he has turned
over a new leaf by abandoning this rueful habit and that was caused by his
father’s death. He was terminally ill from lung cancer and the fact that his
father used to be a heavy smoker had caused him to feel greatly alarmed.
In taking a step towards intervention, he
chewed on some medicated chewing gum to subside his smoking cravings. After
months of struggles in restraining himself from smoking, and despite having not
quitting fully, he managed to set aside a great deal of unused cigarettes and
persisted on having hopes that one fine day, he will feel indifferent towards
cigarettes.
